Social Disorganization In Sicario
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Social Disorganization Theory
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A theory that has been presented to rationalize why people act the way they do when listening to rap and how to come up with ways to prevent the influence from occurring in the first place is social disorganization. Social disorganization is a theory that was developed by Shaw and McKay between and The theory came about after the turn. Differential Association In Edwin Sutherland theory has been around for over 30 years which is one of the most popular theories that there is in criminal behaviors. The differential association theory is considered to be one of the most and best formulation of theory of criminality, holds, in essence, that criminality in learned interactions from others through a way of communication Cressey, Sutherland he explains how individual behaviors are learned behaviors and that people are not.
Social Disorganization Social disorganization theory explains the ecological difference in levels of crime, simply based on cultural and structural factors that influence the social order in a given community. Social disorganization is triggered by poverty, social stability, ethnic heterogeneity, and a few key elements. Although Clifford Shaw and Henry D. McKay , were known for social disorganization theory, in Edwin Sutherland introduced the notion of a ecological differences in crime. For example, in communities or neighborhoods where collective efficacy is high, there are types of situations where your nearby residents can be counted on in times of need.
These types could be looking after children for a short period of time, preventing children from committing devious acts, and an overall improvement in the conditions of the neighborhood Sampson and Raudenbush Each base theory has several branches of theory which expand upon and compliment their predecessors. Even some of the sub-theories have branches of theories. This paper is going to discuss two social theories; social structure and social process. It is also going to cover some of the branches. Progressive movement arose, arguing that crime was a social product. It was not the individual and its biologically inferior traits that would cause him to commit crime, it is rather the environment that causes people to commit crime. That was the beginning of the Chicago School.
Because Chicago witnessed a rapid social change due to industrialization and the sudden urbanization and mass population shift, it became the prime choice to study how social change impacted criminal conduct. Researchers at. It also has links to Differential Association and Social Learning theories of crime Culture transmission theories or cultural theories are theories that try to explain why, at a macro-level, some environments are breeding grounds for criminal behavior. Also why these types of environments develop a culture that its participants consider this type of criminal behavior is acceptable and necessary Feldmeyer, Cultural Transmission Theories, To achieve their goal they must be one, and that is what makes them a social organization.
In large-scale organizations, there is always some extent of bureaucracy. Having bureaucracy includes: a set of rules, specializations, and a hierarchical system. This allows for these larger sized organizations to try maximize efficiency. Large-scaled organizations also come with making sure managerial control is right. Typically, the impersonal authority approach is used. This is when the position of power is detached and impersonal with the other members of the organization.
This is done to make sure that things run smoothly and the social organization stays the best it can be. A big social organization that everyone knows about is a hospital. Within the hospital are small social organization—for example, the nursing staff and the surgery team. These smaller organizations work closer together to accomplish more for their area, which in turn makes the hospital more successful and long lasting. As a whole, the hospital contains all the characteristics of being a social organization. In a hospital, there are various relationships between all of the members of the staff and also with the patients.
This is a main reason that a hospital is a social organization. There is also division of labor, structure, cohesiveness, and communication systems. To operate to the utmost effectiveness, a hospital needs to contain all of the characteristics of a social organization because that is what makes it strong. Without one of these things, it would be difficult for this organization to run. Although the assumption that many organizations run better with bureaucracy and a hierarchical system with management, there are other factors that can prove that wrong. These factors are whether or not the organization is parallel or interdependent. To be parallel in an organization means that each department or section does not depend on the other in order to do its job.
To be Interdependent means that you do depend on others to get the job done. If an organization is parallel, the hierarchical structure would not be necessary and would not be as effect as it would in an interdependent organization. Because of all the different sub-structures in parallel organizations the different departments , it would be hard for hierarchical management to be in charge due to the different jobs. On the other hand, an interdependent organization would be easier to manage that way due to the cohesiveness throughout each department in the organization.
Societies can also be organized through "Collectivist" or "Individualistic" means, which can have implications for economic growth, legal and political institutions and effectiveness, and social relations. This is based on the premise that the organization of society is a reflection of its cultural, historical, social, political and economic processes which therefore govern interaction. Collectivist social organization refers to developing countries that bypasses formal institutions and rather rely on informal institutions to uphold contractual obligations.
This organization relies on a horizontal social structure, stressing relationships within communities rather than a social hierarchy between them. This kind of system has been largely attributed to cultures with strong religious, ethnic, or familial group ties and has been used in reference to developing countries. Therefore, they have suffered from colonialist efforts to establish individualistic social organizations that contradict indigenous cultural values. This has negative implications for interactions between groups rather than within them. In contrast, individualistic social organization implies interaction between individuals of different social groups. Enforcement stems from formal institutions such as courts of law.
The economy and society are completely integrated, enabling transactions across groups and individuals, who may similarly switch from group to group, and allowing individuals to be less dependent on one group. These organizations have been deemed more efficient than collectivist societies, given the division of labor, formal enforcement institutions, and importance of innovation over social norms. This kind of social organization is traditionally associated with Western societies. Social organizations may be seen online in terms of communities.
The online communities show patterns of how people would react in social networking situations. Looking at social organization online is a different way to think about it and a little challenging to connect the characteristics. While the characteristics of social organization are not completely the same for online organizations, they can be connected and talked about in a different context to make the cohesiveness between the two apparent. Online, there are various forms of communication and ways that people connect. Again, this allows them to talk and share the common interests which is what makes them a social organization and be a part of the organization without having to physically be with the other members.
Although these online social organization do not take place in person, they still function as social organization because of the relationships within the group and the goal to keep the communities going. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Pattern of relationships between and among individuals and social groups. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Dreachslin; M.
Jean Gilbert; Beverly Malone 5 November ISBN Retrieved 30 December Springer Publishing Company. Wheelan 1 June The Handbook of Group Research and Practice.
