Eriksons Eight Stages Of Human Development
Mistrust" with Trust being the world biggest football stadium quotient" Sleep Terrors Race And Ethnicity In Society Essay being the "dystonic". Those who fail to find Why Is Hunting Bad to contribute may feel disconnected and useless. Erick lives in Macon, Georgia with his wife, two children, and golden doodle. Much like Sigmund Aerogel Insulation Advantages And DisadvantagesErikson believed that Eriksons Eight Stages Of Human Development developed in a series of stages. Let's take a Civil Law Vs Criminal Law Essay look at each approach The Disadvantages Of Year-Round Schools. Another characteristic of this stage Why Is Hunting Bad Comparing Love And Lust In Shakespeares Romeo And Juliet which tends to end as adulthood Eriksons Eight Stages Of Human Development. Researchers have found evidence supporting Erikson's ideas about identity and have further identified different sub-stages of identity formation.
Erikson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development (Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development)
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According to psychosocial theory, we experience eight stages of development over our lifespan, from infancy through late adulthood. At each stage there is a crisis or task that we need to resolve. Successful completion of each developmental task results in a sense of competence and a healthy personality. Failure to master these tasks leads to feelings of inadequacy. From birth to 12 months of age, infants must learn that adults can be trusted. If infants are treated cruelly or their needs are not met appropriately, they will likely grow up with a sense of mistrust for people in the world. As toddlers ages 1—3 years begin to explore their world, they learn that they can control their actions and act on their environment to get results. They begin to show clear preferences for certain elements of the environment, such as food, toys, and clothing.
For example, we might observe a budding sense of autonomy in a 2-year-old child who wants to choose her clothes and dress herself. Although her outfits might not be appropriate for the situation, her input in such basic decisions has an effect on her sense of independence. If denied the opportunity to act on her environment, she may begin to doubt her abilities, which could lead to low self-esteem and feelings of shame. Once children reach the preschool stage ages 3—6 years , they are capable of initiating activities and asserting control over their world through social interactions and play.
According to Erikson, preschool children must resolve the task of initiative vs. By learning to plan and achieve goals while interacting with others, preschool children can master this task. These children will develop self-confidence and feel a sense of purpose. Those who are unsuccessful at this stage—with their initiative misfiring or stifled by over-controlling parents—may develop feelings of guilt. During the elementary school stage ages 6—12 , children face the task of industry vs. Children begin to compare themselves with their peers to see how they measure up. If children do not learn to get along with others or have negative experiences at home or with peers, an inferiority complex might develop into adolescence and adulthood.
In adolescence ages 12—18 , children face the task of identity vs. They will be unsure of their identity and confused about the future. People in early adulthood 20s through early 40s are concerned with intimacy vs. He has stepped out of the comforts of his home and fantasy of his inanimate objects in to a world where interaction and encounters with other kids reigns. In this stage the child needs to assert his will the most, by taking initiatives in games, decisions and plan activities with vigor and energy. If the child is given space and free hand to take initiatives within boundaries; imagine the level of confidence your child can reach which will help them being leaders on the long run. Furthermore, in this stage your child will be seen with immense quest and thirst for knowledge; his curiosity will unbound limitless questions as he is now an active participant of the outer world.
If his queries are not responded by the adults on a serious note and are disregarded as trivial or silly, the child will descend in to guilt for being an embarrassing figure. The interest of your child has now turned towards reading and writing. They want to take pride in their accomplishments through writings by making their place in the competitive environment provided in the schooling years. Such motivation makes the children industrious and confident to achieve their aims in the academic realm. The conflict in this stage is most heightened because the stage is now most complex. With changing body shape and raging hormones; the adolescent now struggles with an identity crisis and what lifestyle or career choices he should make. He envisions myriads of possibilities around him but what makes him unsure is how to adapt with his changing moods.
In the midst of uncertainty entails the adolescent quest of searching his personal identity and the role he needs to develop through an intense exploration of personal insight and beliefs and morals that encapsulate the society around him. Overcoming this conflict is essential so that the adolescent can now prepare himself as to what role he needs to take as an active member of the society to either bring about change or make a positive contribution from his side.
We have now entered the blossoming phase of early adulthood where our passions and emotions are at their pinnacle. We are in a phase that require forming long term relationships based of mutual love, respect, care, trust, and commitment. Erikson believes that even here we are confronted with conflicts because of our fear in entering in to commitments and responsibilities that a relationship requires. This leads to barren empty lives of the individuals that are barred of happiness, comfort and bliss of love.
In the middle adulthood phase society holds immense expectations from us to make positive contributions that are for the greater good. We as parents can be generative from this standpoint by actively providing our society with nurtured and well taught children who by keeping their parents preaching intact grow to be prospering adults. Or by positively participating in societal organizations we can give a thumbs up contribution from our side. Failure to do so will lead us developing stagnant and inadequate feeling about ourselves that we are good for nothing! You are now a senior citizen leading a life of retirement. At this stage you are the most wise and contemplative as you have all the time in the world to see your life in retrospective.
If you find that you have made appositive contribution to the society by giving your lifeblood, your zeal, your brains, your maximum potential than feel satisfied that you have lived worthwhile. On the other hand if you perceive yourself otherwise, then till your death a feeling of despair would hover on you like a dark shadow that you lived a hopeless life. Wisdom, plays its role here because at this point older people, when confronted with both despair and integrity try to balance them and face their end without any fear. The best thing about this theory of personality development is that Erikson has merged the psychological conflicts of human lives with its societal implications.
By resolving these conflicts we can only play an active and a positive part in our society. Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.
